*Purpose: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) during liver transplantation is an important factor that leads to graft dysfunction and even recipient death. This study aims to explore the effect of IRI on the transcriptome of intrahepatic cells in single cell level

*Methods: We collected tissue samples from donor liver before procurement, post-preservation and 2 hours post-reperfusion and then performed single-cell RNA, T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing. We annotated the subpopulations of intrahepatic cells and compared their changes in gene expression profiling after IRI. Combined with the bulk RNA sequencing data in our center, we explored the potential therapeutic targets of IRI

*Results: After enzymatic digestion and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), 15013 cells were captured and sub-clustered into 17 subsets (Fig. 1A). We annotated each cluster and described the abundance and number of differentially expressed genes in each cluster after IRI (Fig. 1B & C). S100A8^hi inflammatory macrophages significantly increased post-reperfusion, and the number of NK cells decreased post-reperfusion (Fig. 1D). The up-regulated genes of macrophages and endothelial cells are enriched in leukocyte activation and cytokine production signal pathways (Fig. 2A & B). Combined with bulk RNA sequencing data, we found that PLAUR gene was up-regulated after reperfusion, and it mainly concentrated in VCAM-1^low endothelial cells and TNF+ macrophages, indicating that it played an important role in recruiting monocytes and promoting leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction

*Conclusions: We described the atlas of intrahepatic cells during liver transplantation and the changes in the expression profiling after IRI using single-cell RNA sequencing. Meanwhile, we found that PLAUR could be a potential therapeutic target of IRI

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