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Antibody Response and Cellular Phenotyping in Kidney Transplant Recipients Following Sars-CoV-2 Vaccination

N. M. Ali1, J. Miles2, S. Mehta1, V. Tatapudi1, B. Lonze1, E. Weldon1, Z. Stewart1, C. DiMaggio1, J. Allen3, S. Gray-Gaillard3, S. Solis3, M. Tuen3, J. Leonard1, R. Montgomery1, R. Herati3

1Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 2CareDx, Brisbane, NY, 3NYU Langone Health, New York, NY

Meeting: 2022 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: 247

Keywords: B cells, Immunogenicity, T cell activation, Vaccination

Topic: Clinical Science » Infection Disease » 25 - Kidney Infectious Non-Polyoma & Non-Viral Hepatitis

Session Information

Session Name: COVID-19 Infections Part 2: All Organs

Session Type: Rapid Fire Oral Abstract

Date: Monday, June 6, 2022

Session Time: 3:30pm-5:00pm

 Presentation Time: 4:10pm-4:20pm

Location: Hynes Ballroom B

*Purpose: Correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are not well-established in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs). Studies have highlighted the importance of neutralizing antibodies(Abs), however data suggests T cell responses may play a secondary role in preventing reinfection. We performed a longitudinal assessment of immunogenicity, T and B cell response in KTRs following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

*Methods: KTRs eligible for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from 3/12/21 were enrolled. Baseline and weekly blood samples were collected for routine lab, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein Ab titers and cellular phenotyping for 12 weeks. Ab response was defined as a 10-fold increase in total binding IgG titers. To determine if T cell responses were induced by vaccination, we considered the proportion of activated non-naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells post-vaccination.

*Results: 49 KTRs were enrolled ( Demographics -Table 1). 10 patients (20.4%) mounted an Ab response following vaccination. A history of COVID-19 was associated with an increased likelihood of developing an Ab response (OR: 18.3, 95% CI 3.2, 105.0, p=0.0005). For non-naive CD8+ T cells, a subset co-expressing CD38+Ki67+ was induced 1 week after the 1st immunization in some SARS-CoV-2-naiive patients (P=0.12 versus P=0.14 for SARS-CoV-2-experienced adults, Fig 1A/B). For non-naive CD4+ T cells, induction of a subset co-expressing CD38+Ki67+ was observed at 1 week after the 1st immunization for SARS-CoV-2-naïve participants (P = 0.09 for SARS-CoV-2-naïve, P=0.03 for SARS-CoV-2-experienced adults, Fig 1C/D). For CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, dose 2 stimulated weak induction of the CD38+Ki67+ subset in the SARS-CoV-2-naïve patients only (Fig 1A-D).

*Conclusions: Quantitative Ab responses were strongly associated with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were evident in most patients irrespective of history of COVID-19. Further studies are needed to determine whether these activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were antigen-specific or confer immunity.

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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Ali NM, Miles J, Mehta S, Tatapudi V, Lonze B, Weldon E, Stewart Z, DiMaggio C, Allen J, Gray-Gaillard S, Solis S, Tuen M, Leonard J, Montgomery R, Herati R. Antibody Response and Cellular Phenotyping in Kidney Transplant Recipients Following Sars-CoV-2 Vaccination [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2022; 22 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/antibody-response-and-cellular-phenotyping-in-kidney-transplant-recipients-following-sars-cov-2-vaccination/. Accessed May 28, 2025.

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