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Calcium Oxalate Deposition in Kidney Allografts: Clinical Chracteristics and Outcome

S. Sritharan1, J. Kamal2, S. A. Husain1, I. Batal1, J. Chang1

1Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 2University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA

Meeting: 2020 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: C-035

Keywords: Biopsy, Graft failure, Kidney transplantation, Metabolic complications

Session Information

Date: Saturday, May 30, 2020

Session Name: Poster Session C: Kidney: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Complications

Session Time: 3:15pm-4:00pm

 Presentation Time: 3:30pm-4:00pm

Location: Virtual

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*Purpose: To better understand its clinical significance and prognostic value, we investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with calcium oxalate deposition in kidney allograft biopsies.

*Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 27 consecutive kidney transplant patients with at least one for-cause allograft biopsy that showed calcium oxalate deposition between 2007 and 2019 in our transplant center, including ten patients with biopsies performed within 90 days post-transplantation (group 1) and 17 after 90 days post-transplantation (group 2).

*Results: The two groups were comparable with respect to need for dialysis before transplant (90 vs. 94%), presence of known risk factors for enteric oxalate nephropathy including chronic bowel disease (20 vs. 24%), prior gastrointestinal surgery (30 vs. 29%), diarrhea (40 vs. 53%) and antibiotic use (40 vs. 41%), and median serum creatinine level at the time of biopsy [3.43 (2.26-6.38) vs. 3.01 (2.17-5.35) mg/dl] (see table). The median post-transplant time to first biopsy with calcium oxalate deposition was 62 days (40-73 days) in group 1 and 1555 days (383-2635 days) in group 2. Almost all (26/27) biopsies showed presence of concurrent acute tubular injury of various degrees of severity. There was a higher occurrence of concomitant rejection (acute or chronic active T-cell mediated and/or acute or chronic active antibody-mediated) (0 vs. 41%) in biopsies obtained after 90 days post-transplantation. Graft outcome after the diagnosis of calcium oxalate deposits was similar between the two groups (p=0.31, see figure).

*Conclusions: Calcium oxalate deposition in kidney allograft biopsies is rare but can be observed in both early and late period after transplantation. While it remains unclear whether calcium oxalate deposition is contributing or resulting from poor allograft function, it appears to occur more frequently with concomitant rejection in late post-transplant course. Therefore, our data suggest that in the presence of calcium oxalate deposition in late post-transplant period, additional causes of allograft dysfunction including rejection should be sought.

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All (n=27) Within 90 days (n=10) After 90 days (n=17)
Pre-transplant dialysis 25 (93%) 9 (90%) 16 (94%)
Chronic bowel disease 6 (22%) 2 (20%) 4 (24%)
Prior gastrointestinal surgery 8 (30%) 3 (30%) 5 (29%)
Serum creatinine at first biopsy with oxalate (mg/dL), median (IQR) 3.00 (2.20-6.10) 3.43 (2.26-6.38) 3.01 (2.17-5.35)
Diarrhea 13 (48%) 4 (40%) 9 (53%)
Antibiotic use 11 (41%) 4 (40%) 7 (41%)
Concomitant rejection 7 (26%) 0 (0%) 7 (41%)
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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Sritharan S, Kamal J, Husain SA, Batal I, Chang J. Calcium Oxalate Deposition in Kidney Allografts: Clinical Chracteristics and Outcome [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2020; 20 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/calcium-oxalate-deposition-in-kidney-allografts-clinical-chracteristics-and-outcome/. Accessed March 7, 2021.

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