*Purpose: Introduction: Despite the great progress made in recent decades, post-liver transplant de novo cancers is one of the leading causes of late complications and mortality after liver transplant (LT). We have not found any literature on multiple de novo solid cancers excluding skin.Objective: Using data from the French Biomedicine Agency’s national database, our objective was to see if survival was different with one or more cancers and to study the prognostic factors of survival of patients with one or several cancers after LT.

*Methods: Methods: 114 French patients who had LT between 1993 and 2012 were followed until June 2016 or until death.

*Results: Statistics: The Cox model was used to perform univariate and multivariate analyzes with potential risk factors (cancer characteristics (number, stage and location), immunosuppressive therapy (IT) (duration, type), smoking, alcohol). Results: After an average follow-up of 9.8 ± 5.1 years, 52 patients developed 1 cancer, 49 had 2 cancers and 13 had 3 cancers. Univariate analyzes showed that the reduction in survival time was significantly related to the metastatic stage (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.20-3.98], p = .0102, ref. “Localized cancer”), ENT cancer and / or respiratory system (HR = 4.61, 95% CI [2.28-9.35], p <.0001, ref. "Genitourinary system") and smoking (HR = 3.14, 95% IC [1.55-6.36], p = .0015). While the recurrence of cancer (p = .514, ref single cancer), the type of primary IT (Tacrolimus: p = .1409, Cyclosporine: p = .2809, ImTor: p = .1707) and the alcohol (p = .5836) did not significantly influence the survival time of our cohort. Duration under IT was found to be significantly related to survival (HR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.70-0.82], p <.0001). In multivariate analysis, due to a lack of probable potency, only the duration of IT and the location of (metastatic) cancer remained significant factors affecting survival.

*Conclusions: Conclusion: ORL and/or respiratory systems cancers have a shorter survival time than genitourinary cancers. In univariate analysis, the metastatic stage and smoking were risk factors for decreased survival. Cancer recurrence, alcohol and type of IT were not significant. History of cancer could not be studied because of a large quantity of missing data.

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