Articles tagged "Thymus"

2020 American Transplant Congress
The Requirement of Thymic Irradiation for Induction of Mixed Chimerism and Renal Allograft Tolerance in Non-Human Primates
T. Hirose¹, H. Sasaki¹, T. Oura¹, D. Ma¹, A. Dehnadi¹, R. B. Colvin², I. Rosales², A. B. Cosimi¹, T. Kawai¹
¹Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, ²Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
*Purpose: Thymic irradiation (TI) has been required for consistent induction of allograft tolerance through a mixed chimerism approach in both murine and nonhuman primate (NHP)…
2020 American Transplant Congress
The Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Molecule Influences the Development of Thymic Regulatory T-Cells
C. Lam¹, S. Moshkelgosha¹, G. A. Levy², A. Chruscinski³, S. C. Juvet⁴
¹Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, ²Multi Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, ³Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁴Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
*Purpose: Transplantation is the primary treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. However, long-term outcomes are limited by immunosuppressant toxicities and chronic graft rejection. Identifying…
2020 American Transplant Congress
Altering Homeostatic Repopulation with Thymic Irradiation and Donor Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusions in a Nonhuman Primate Model
R. Schmitz, M. S. Mulvihill, Z. W. Fitch, T. How, F. Leopardi, A. D. Kirk
Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
*Purpose: Lymphocyte depletion and subsequent homeostatic repopulation present opportunities to shape the alloreactive immune repertoire to favor tolerance. We tested if the addition of thymic…
2019 American Transplant Congress
Role of MHC Class II in B Cell and Regulatory T Cell Development
S. K. Germana, Z. Wang, C. A. Huang, L. Kojima, C. G. Rickert, J. F. Markmann, C. LeGuern
Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
*Purpose: Therapies involving CD4 regulatory T cells (Tregs) are promising approaches to mitigate graft rejection and autoimmunity. Understanding of the activation mechanisms that initiate Treg…
2019 American Transplant Congress
Advanced Immunological T-cell Ageing Defined by a Very Low Thymic Function Identifies Patients with a Substantial Increased Risk for Long-Term Mortality after Kidney Transplantation
M. G. Betjes, A. Langerak, M. Klepper, N. Litjens
Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
*Purpose: End-stage renal disease is associated with premature ageing of the T-cell immune system. At the time of kidney transplantation the average biological age of…
2018 American Transplant Congress
Post-Transplant High Dose Cyclophosphamide Treatment Induces Thymus-Independent Immune Tolerance of Vascularized Composite Allografts via Complete Depletion of the Alloreactive TCR Repertoire.
G. Furtmüller,¹ B. Oh,¹ J. Sidhom,² M. Fryer,¹ V. Malek,¹ X. Zhou,¹ D. Cooney,¹ C. Brayton,³ J. Dodd-o,⁴ S. Ganguly,² G. Raimondi,¹ W. Lee,¹ L. Luznik,² G. Brandacher.¹
¹Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; ²Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; ³Department for Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; ⁴Department of Anesthesiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Background: Treatment with PT/Cy in the setting of combined donor bone marrow transplantation and VCA has shown encouraging results with regards to chimerism induction and…
2018 American Transplant Congress
In Vitro α-Galactosylceramide Stimulation Expands CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁻ Regulatory T Cell Precursors in Murine Thymocytes
H. Katsumata,^1,2 M. Ikemiyagi,¹ T. Kanzawa,¹ H. Fukuda,¹ R. Ishii,¹ K. Saiga,^1,3 M. Okumi,¹ Y. Ishii,⁴ K. Tanabe.¹
¹Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; ²Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; ³Urology, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan; ⁴Laboratory for Immunotherapy, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS) RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.
Background: We previously established mixed chimerism after invariant natural killer T-cell stimulation by administration of liposomal α-galactosylceramide (lipo-αGC) and costimulatory blockade, leading to regulatory T…
2018 American Transplant Congress
Thymic Irradiation as a Maneuver for Repertoire Exchange in Costimulatory-Blockade-Based Immunotherapy
M. Mulvihill,¹ B. Ezekian,¹ Q. Gao,¹ K. Samy,¹ R. Davis,¹ F. Leopardi,¹ W. Giles,² F-.F. Yin,² C. Willett,² B. Collins,¹ A. Kirk.¹
¹Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC; ²Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC.
Background All successful, prospective clinical tolerance-induction strategies have employed thymic irradiation to achieve chimerism. However, evidence suggests durable chimerism is not required to attain tolerance.…
2017 American Transplant Congress
Is Thymic Function Determining Rejection Onset in Heart Transplantation?
A. Sannier,^1,2 R. Dorent,^1,3 M. Le Borgne,¹ N. Stroumza,¹ J. Senemaud,¹ L. Louedec,¹ F. Andreata,¹ A. Gaston,¹ C. Deschildre,¹ P. Nataf,^1,3 A. Couvelard,² G. Caligiuri,¹ A. Nicoletti.¹
¹Inserm U1148, Diderot University, Paris, France; ²Pathology Department, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; ³Cardiac Surgery Department, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
The thymus is the primary site of T cell development, involuting into fatty tissue in adults. Thymic function persists in the adulthood and may be…
2017 American Transplant Congress
SIRPα⁺ DCs and the Time-Dependent CD4⁺CD8⁺ Double Positive T Cell Infiltration in Accepted Renal Allografts.
T. Ashry,^1,2 C. Yang,² B. Jiang,² D. Ndishabandi,² P. Russel,^1,2 R. Colvin,^1,2 J. Madsen,^1,2 A. Alessandrini.^1,2
¹HMS, Boston; ²MGH, Boston
IntroductionIn 2015 Overgaard and colleagues proposed that double positive T (DPT) cells, usually unique to the thymus, represent more than a developmental phase as extrathymic…