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Seroprevalence of MMR and Varicella (MMRV) in Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Seroresponse to MMRV Vaccinations

H. Javaid1, R. Hasbun1, A. DeGolovine2, S. Jyothula3, V. Machicao4, J. Bynon5, L. Ostrosky1, M. Nigo1

1Division of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 2Div of Renal Disease, Univ of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 3Div of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology, Univ of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 4Div of Transplant Hepatology, Univ of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 5Div of Immunology and Organ Transplantation, Univ of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX

Meeting: 2022 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: 592

Keywords: Infection, N/A, Outcome, Vaccination

Topic: Administrative » Administrative » 01 - Quality Assurance Process Improvement & Regulatory Issues

Session Information

Session Name: Quality Assurance Process Improvement & Regulatory Issues

Session Type: Rapid Fire Oral Abstract

Date: Tuesday, June 7, 2022

Session Time: 5:30pm-7:00pm

 Presentation Time: 6:00pm-6:10pm

Location: Hynes Room 206

*Purpose: Updating live vaccines such as MMR and varicella (MMRV) is an important step in preparing patients during the pre-solid organ transplant (SOT) period. While various regimens of MMRV are recommended by the CDC based on underlying patient conditions, AST guidelines recommend a single dose of each vaccine before SOT based on serological screening. Since data is scarce in the SOT population, we aim to describe the seroprevalence of MMRV and the efficacy of the vaccines in our center.

*Methods: Pre-SOT candidates were retrospectively identified from our SOT database. Patients more than 18 years of age who underwent pre-SOT screening were included. All serological data, including MMRV, basic demographic data, and ICD-9/10 codes were extracted. We identified 60 patients who received either MMR or Varicella (VZV) vaccines during the pre-transplant period. We evaluated patients’ serological responses and any adverse events after the vaccine.

*Results: A total of 1126 patients were identified. 351 patients (31.2%) did not have immunity to at least one of MMRV. The table below summarizes the basic characteristics of patients based on MMRV serologies at pre-SOT evaluation. Negative serologies against measles, mumps, rubella, and VZV were documented in 11.9, 14.6, 10.4, and 6.0 % of patients, respectively. 54 patients received the MMR vaccine while 13 patients received the VZV vaccine. Among patients who had follow-up serologies at least 4 weeks after an initial MMR vaccine, 30.8 % of patients (8/26) did not have serological response while 20% of patients (1/5) did not respond after an initial VZV vaccine. No patients experienced severe side effects requiring ED visit or hospitalization from the vaccines.

*Conclusions: A significant number of pre-SOT candidates (31.2%) were not immune to at least one of MMRV. Nearly 30% of patients who received MMRV vaccine did not have serological responses. This highlights the importance of MMRV screening and vaccinations during pre-SOT evaluation. Post-vaccination serological confirmation should be performed to evaluate the necessity for a second dose.

Basic Characteristics of Patients Based on MMRV Serologies
MMRV positive N=774 MMRV negative N=351
Age, year (Range) 59 (19-79) 51 (20-79)
Gender, Male N (%) 476 (61.5) 222 (63.2)
Type of Transplant
Kidney, N (%) 422 (54.5) 224 (63.8)
Heart, N (%) 126 (16.3) 55 (15.7)
Liver, N (%) 163 (21.1) 37 (10.5)
Lung, N (%) 40 (5.2) 15 (4.2)
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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Javaid H, Hasbun R, DeGolovine A, Jyothula S, Machicao V, Bynon J, Ostrosky L, Nigo M. Seroprevalence of MMR and Varicella (MMRV) in Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Seroresponse to MMRV Vaccinations [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2022; 22 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/seroprevalence-of-mmr-and-varicella-mmrv-in-solid-organ-transplant-candidates-and-seroresponse-to-mmrv-vaccinations/. Accessed May 30, 2025.

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