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Risk Factors for Clinical Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

S. Medani, M. Dorais, A. Tavares-Brum, H. Mawad, A. Duclos, C. Lemieux, A. Barama, H. Cardinal.

Centre Hospitalier de l'Université
de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.

Meeting: 2016 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: D109

Keywords: Bacterial infection, High-risk, Kidney transplantation, Multivariate analysis

Session Information

Date: Tuesday, June 14, 2016

Session Name: Poster Session D: Fungi, PJP, Mycobacteria, Infection Risk Factors, Vaccination and Donor Derived Infections

Session Time: 6:00pm-7:00pm

 Presentation Time: 6:00pm-7:00pm

Location: Halls C&D

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  • Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Hospitalized Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients
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Background

There is no clear consensus on whether asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should be treated in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We sought to identify patient or episode related characteristics associated with subsequent symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) and with antibiotic prescribing in KTRs with ABU.

Methods

We retrospectively recorded all episodes of ABU, cystitis and pyelonephritis in KTRs transplanted at our centre between January 1st 2008 and June 1st 2013. Bacteruria was defined as ≥104 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml as 23% of symptomatic UTIs occurred with colony counts ≥104-105 CFU/ml. Through logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations to account for within patient correlations, we assessed i) factors associated with occurrence of a symptomatic UTI within 3 months of an episode of ABU; ii) factors associated with antibiotic treatment of ABU.

Results

Among 318 study participants, there were 622 episodes of ABU in 156 patients. Symptomatic UTI within 3 months occurred following 87 (14%) of ABU episodes. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of a symptomatic UTI following ABU were younger age (OR: 1.38 per 10-year decrease in age; 95% CI: 1.12-1.70), previous symptomatic UTI (OR: 5.24; 95% CI: 2.18-12.59), the presence of leukocyturia or haematuria (OR: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.86-6.17), isolation of a ciprofloxacin resistant or extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strain (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.03-4.75), and isolation of gram negative bacteria (GNB) (OR: 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.12-5.31). Antibiotics were prescribed in 24% of ABU episodes. The presence of leukocyturia or haematuria (odds ratio (OR): 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-3.22), urinary nitrites (OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.08-5.99), GNB (OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.11-3.85),and bacterial count >105 CFU/ml (OR: 5.55 versus 104-105 CFU /ml, 95% CI: 3.44-8.33) were associated with an increased likelihood of receiving antibiotic treatment for ABU. We could not demonstrate an association between antibiotic treatment and protection from symptomatic UTI (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.27-1.51).

Conclusion

Younger age, leucocyturia or haematuria, gram negative and quinolone-resistant or ESBL producing strains, and a history of previous cystitis or pyelonephritis are predictors of progression of ABU to symptomatic UTI that can help transplant physicians in guiding the management of KTRs with ABU and in the design of future therapeutic trials.

CITATION INFORMATION: Medani S, Dorais M, Tavares-Brum A, Mawad H, Duclos A, Lemieux C, Barama A, Cardinal H. Risk Factors for Clinical Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Asymptomatic Bacteriuria. Am J Transplant. 2016;16 (suppl 3).

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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Medani S, Dorais M, Tavares-Brum A, Mawad H, Duclos A, Lemieux C, Barama A, Cardinal H. Risk Factors for Clinical Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Asymptomatic Bacteriuria. [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2016; 16 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/risk-factors-for-clinical-urinary-tract-infections-in-kidney-transplant-recipients-with-asymptomatic-bacteriuria/. Accessed March 7, 2021.

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