*Purpose: The effect of donor lung pathogenic bacteria on the prognosis of lung transplantation is not clear. We used the technique of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the lower respiratory tract and analyzed whether the colonized bacteria of donor lung affect the outcomes of lung transplantation.

*Methods: All patients who underwent lung transplantation from March 2018 to June 2018 at the Wuxi People’s Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University were included in this study. Twelve cases of donor lung were obtained, and 17 lung transplants were performed, including 12 single lung transplantation and 5 bilateral lung transplantation. The colonized bacteria in the lower lobe tissue of donor lung were detected by NGS, and the bacteria culture method was used to detect the bacteria in the airway secretion before and after the operation. The information of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support time, mechanical ventilation time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay time, duration of fever and hospital length of stay were collected for prognostic analysis.

*Results: Compared with bacterial culture methods, the positive rate of bacteria by using NGS in the lungs were higher (52.9% vs 41.2%). Among the patients who had detected bacteria by NGS in donor lungs before surgery, only one patient (1/9) developed the same bacteria after lung transplantation. Either NGS or bacterial culture methods, there is no association between the colonized colonization bacteria in donor lungs and the patient outcomes of immediate posttransplant period.

*Conclusions: The detection of bacteria by using NGS is more sensitive than normal bacterial culture. The colonized bacteria in different parts of the lung are inconsistent. There is no association between the colonized bacteria in donor lungs and short-term outcome of lung transplantation patients.

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