Background Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection can cause HBV associated nephropathy, and is one of the major reasons for secondary nephropathy. We carried out a retrospective cohort study to investigate whether HBV infection is associated with recurrent nephropathy after kidney transplantation.

Methods We retrospectively collected data of 1130 patients who received kidney transplantation in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2005. The patients were divided into HBV infection group and control group according to whether their HBsAg test was positive or not before transplantation. The patients were followed up until November 2016, and the following data were recorded including recurrent nephropathy, the recurrent time, proteinuria, hematuria, acute rejection and serum creatinine levels.

Results Among 1130 patients, 149 (13.2%) patients were HBsAg positive before kidney transplantation and belonged to HBV infection group, and the other 981 patients belonged to control group. The recurrent nephropathy rate was significantly higher in HBV infection group compared to control group(25.5% vs. 13.7%, p<0.001). The median recurrent time for recurrent nephropathy was much shorter in HBV infection group(4.6 years vs. 6.8 years, p<0.001). The proteinuria rate was higher in HBV infection group(48.3% vs. 34.8%,p=0.001), and hematuria rate was also higher in HBV infection group(56.4% vs.42.0%, p=0.001). Acute rejection rate was similar in two groups(12.1% vs. 12.5%).The 3-, 5- and 10- year serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in HBV infection group compared to control group(p<0.01). Logistic multivariate regression showed that HBV infection was an independent risk factor for recurrent nephropathy after kidney transplantation (OR 2.35, p<0.01).

Conclusion HBV infection may increase the risk of recurrent nephropathy and cause chronic allograft injury after kidney transplantation.

CITATION INFORMATION: Chen G, Wang C, Wu Z, Wang C, Qiu J, Chen L. Hepatitis B Virus Infection Is Associated with Recurrent Nephropathy After Kidney Transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2017;17 (suppl 3).

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