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Detection of CMV Mediated Sub-Clinical Rejection by Urine Biomarkers

S. Ghosh1, R. Sarwal1, C. Mark1, E. Reed2, J. Shoji3, S. Bunnapradist2, T. Sigdel3, M. Sarwal3

1Nephrosant Inc, San Francisco, CA, 2UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 3UCSF, San Francisco, CA

Meeting: 2022 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: 468

Keywords: Cytomeglovirus

Topic: Basic Science » Basic Clinical Science » 17 - Biomarkers: Clinical Outcomes

Session Information

Session Name: Biomarkers: Clinical Outcomes I

Session Type: Rapid Fire Oral Abstract

Date: Tuesday, June 7, 2022

Session Time: 3:30pm-5:00pm

 Presentation Time: 4:20pm-4:30pm

Location: Hynes Veterans Auditorium

*Purpose: Research on early detection of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) mediated sub-clinical rejection (sAR) is in its nascence. This study explores the efficacy of urine-based biomarkers for sAR risk prognostication. Urine samples were serially collected (1 week- 2yrs) across 125 unique renal allograft recipients from UCSF and UCLA. These CMV+ (blood CMV-PCR) patients received valganciclovir therapy until CMV- for 3 consecutive months.

*Methods: We computed a machine-learning based rejection prediction score incorporating urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA), methylated cfDNA, total protein, CXCL10, clusterin and creatinine. Rejection was determined between scores of 32-100; higher score associated with biopsy severity (Yang et al, STM 2021). In a cross-sectional analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test was performed on the urine-score distribution, to determine sAR during CMV+. Subsequently UCSF samples were analyzed longitudinally to establish the relationship between CMV and sAR; this was validated independently in UCLA samples.

*Results: Significant differences were observed in scores >32 between biopsy-confirmed AR vs. stable (p: 0.0034) and CMV vs. stable (p=0.003). Longitudinal analysis yielded 3 primary sAR patterns following CMV infection; (i)persistence of sAR leading to new development of chronic allograft injury; (ii)early sAR (score >32) followed by a further increase in score (>55) with biopsy confirmed cAR; (iii)sAR (>32) followed by recovery of injury with CMV resolution and a decline in score <32).

*Conclusions: We provide a urine-based method for detecting sAR at the time of CMV infection, and its potential clinical utility for titrating use of anti-viral therapy and recipientimmunosuppression load.

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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Ghosh S, Sarwal R, Mark C, Reed E, Shoji J, Bunnapradist S, Sigdel T, Sarwal M. Detection of CMV Mediated Sub-Clinical Rejection by Urine Biomarkers [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2022; 22 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/detection-of-cmv-mediated-sub-clinical-rejection-by-urine-biomarkers/. Accessed May 9, 2025.

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