UTIs are common causes of hospital readmissions after KT. Our objective is to determine predictors of hospital readmissions for UTI within 1 year after a KT.

Medical records from 1452 consecutive adult patients who underwent 1st KTs between 1/1/2005 – 8/15/2015 were analyzed for risk factors for hospital readmission ≤ 1 yr postx for UTIs. Risk factors studied included recipient characteristics, primary renal disease, pre-KT dialysis status and usage of ureteral stents were analyzed using poisson regression model (table 1).

Of the 1452 KTs , 81% of patients were Caucasians. Primary kidney diseases were diabetes (35%), glomerular (22%), hereditary (17%), acute (15%), hypertensive (9%) and obstructive pathologies (2%). 373 (25.7%) patients had at least one UTI readmission within one year after KT. 180 (48%) patients were readmitted within 30 days, 122 (33%) between 1-6 months and 71 (19%) between 6-12 months. Poisson regression model demonstrated older age, female gender, recipients of deceased donor (DD) KT, having diabetes as a primary cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) (compared to glomerular and hereditary kidney pathologies),pre-transplant dialysis, and ureteral stents usage were significant risk factors for hospital readmission with UTI, p< 0.05. (table 2).

Identifying patients at increased risk for UTI readmission following KT can lead to prevention trials such as longer-term antibiotics prophylaxis, perhaps addition of bladder anti-spasmodics post-tx or minimization of ureteral stents to reduce hospital readmissions.

CITATION INFORMATION: Minja E, Jackson S, Matas A. Risk Factors for Hospital Readmission with Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Following Kidney Transplantation (KT). Am J Transplant. 2017;17 (suppl 3).

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