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Long Term Outcomes of Hypertensive Kidney Donors

H. Ibrahim, S. Hebert, H. E. Adrogue, D. T. Nguyen, E. A. Graviss, A. Gaber, A. Matas

Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX

Meeting: 2020 American Transplant Congress

Abstract number: LB-010

Keywords: Donation, Hypertension, Kidney transplantation, Living donor

Session Information

Session Name: Poster Session A: Late Breaking

Session Type: Poster Session

Date: Saturday, May 30, 2020

Session Time: 3:15pm-4:00pm

 Presentation Time: 3:30pm-4:00pm

Location: Virtual

*Purpose: Many people with hypertension are excluded from kidney donation fearing that hypertension is a major cause of CKD and its impact maybe magnified after nephrectomy. Such practice is not fully supported by strong evidence and may deprive some the benefit of a live donor transplant.

*Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 8721 ethnically diverse kidney donors of whom 904 were hypertensive at donation, we compared long-term outcomes of hypertensive kidney donors to those without hypertension at the time of donation. All donations took place 1963-2007. Study outcomes were mortality, cardiovascular disease, proteinuria, and ESRD.

*Results: Median age was 39 years, 56.2% were women, 85% were non-Hispanic white, and 80.5% were related donors. At donation, 904 donors were hypertensive; receiving antihypertensive medications (n=251) or had a blood pressure >140/90 mmHg (n=653). Hypertensive donors were older, 58.2% were <50 years old and had a lower eGFR at donation. After 7 ±10 years, an additional 26% of donors developed hypertension. Donors with new hypertension were younger at donation and were less likely to be related to the recipient. The 30-year cumulative incidence of ESRD was 213/10000 in hypertensive donors vs. 342/10000 in normotensive donors. The multivariable risk of mortality, CVD and proteinuria were comparable in normotensive and hypertensive donors. In total, 5 hypertensive donors and 39 normotensive donors developed ESRD 19.2 ±10.3 years after donation, aHR 0.42 (0.08-2.07), p=.29 in the Cox model and aOR 1.04 (0.36-3.0), p=0.95 in the multiple regression model. Sensitivity analysis using the new definition of hypertension (>130/80) yielded similar results.

*Conclusions: Kidney donors with hypertension do not appear to incur higher mortality, CVD, or ESRD. Wider acceptance of well screened hypertensive kidney donors appears reasonable and could safely expand live donation.

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Multivariable analysis for mortality, cardiovascular disease, proteinuria, reduced GFR, and ESRD
No HTN HTN
Outcomes Time to event, years n (%) n (%) Adjusted HR (95% CI) p-value
Mortality 22.2 (±9.3) 341 (10.1) 50 (17.8) 0.73 (0.44, 1.24) 0.25
Cardiovascular Disease 17.8 (±9.4) 630 (18.8) 78 (28.0) 0.82 (0.55, 1.23) 0.34
Proteinuria 15.3 (±10.3) 472 (16.4) 56 (24.2) 1.21 (0.86, 1.69) 0.28
eGFR <30 or ESRD 19.0 (+12.4) 60 (1.8) 13 (4.6) 1.03 (0.44, 2.43) 0.95
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To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Ibrahim H, Hebert S, Adrogue HE, Nguyen DT, Graviss EA, Gaber A, Matas A. Long Term Outcomes of Hypertensive Kidney Donors [abstract]. Am J Transplant. 2020; 20 (suppl 3). https://atcmeetingabstracts.com/abstract/long-term-outcomes-of-hypertensive-kidney-donors/. Accessed May 11, 2025.

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