Purpose

To determine if it is possible to generate mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with potent in vivo immunomodulatory properties in allograft recipients under immunosuppression, we analyzed the immunomodulatory effect of MSC generated in an upper-extremities transplantation (UET) recipient.

Method

A 34-year-old woman who underwent UET in 2007 received autologous adipose-derived MSC as salvage therapy for relapsing rejection. Treatment (prednisone, tacrolimus, sirolimus and MMF) remained unchanged until day 14. Prednisone were then increased to 20 mg/day. PBMC were isolated at days 0, 14, 30 and 90.

Results

At day 30, skin was normal. After MSC infusions, expression of the activation markers HLA-DR and CD64 by monocytes decreased (1A, B). Conversely, expression of CD163, which characterizes anti-inflammatory monocytes, increased (1C). Plasma activity of IDO also decreased after MSC infusions (1D).

As previously reported, MSC had no impact on regulatory T cells (2A, 2B, 2C) and led to a transient important increase of transitional B cells (2D). A functional assay to quantify Breg is being performed.

Conclusion

This study provides the first evidence that MSC with potent in vivo immunomodulatory properties can be generated in allograft recipients under immunosuppression.

CITATION INFORMATION: Sicard A., Rodriguez J., Petruzzo P., Kanitakis J., Damour O., Badet L., Gazarian A., Buron F., Thaunat O., Tarte K., Mesnard C., Auxenfans C., Morelon E. Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells with In Vivo Immunomodulatory Properties Can Be Generated in Allograft Recipients under Immunosuppression Am J Transplant. 2017;17 (suppl 3).

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