*Purpose: Although evidences showed that sleep disorder is common in patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD), less is known about their sleep quality after early post-kidney transplantation (kTx) especially in Intensive Care Unite (ICU). Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate sleep quality of kTx recipients in ICU and explore factors related poor sleep, second, to measure the correlation of subjective sleep quality and sleep architecture assessed by PSG in kTx recipients.

*Methods: This study recruited participants from ESRD patients registered in transplantation waiting list at the third xiangya hospital of central south university in China. Participants required to complete the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and demographic questionnaire as baseline data and received one night of Polysomnography (PSG) in the ICU within 96 hours of surgery, during which time sound and light data were monitored. After that Richards Campbell sleep questionnaires (RCSQ) also need completed.

*Results: 26 participants self-reported sleep quality and sleep efficiency based on RCSQ was at middle level (49.2 ± 25.6mm), and 14/26(53.8%) kTx recipients in ICU were poor sleepers defined by RCSQ <50. PSG showed that most kTx recipients in ICU had shallow sleep with mainly stage 2 sleep time (80.90 ±70.10 min), lower total sleep time (136.50 ±86.41 min), higher awakening frequency after sleep onset (8.87 ±5.92 times) and long awaken time (94.67 ±75.09 min) when a sleep disruption occured. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-reported noise and pain were the significant factor affecting sleep(P < 0.05).

*Conclusions: Subjective sleep quality based on RCSQ scored better than objective one measured by PSG in kTx recipients, sleep disruption always remained a substantial problem and affected by self-reported noise and pain.

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